Cordless-Microscope
All about Cordless-Microscope.New Book Offers Scientific Look At Love
New Book Offers Scientific Look At Love
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| • | Two-Photon Imaging of Cellular Activities in Oxygen Sensing Tissues |
| Research Articles Christoph Wotzlaw, Utta Berchner-Pfannschmidt, Joachim Fandrey, Helmut Acker, Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 14 Issue 06 , pp 519-525 Abstract The cellular oxygen sensing system of the body ensures appropriate adaptation of cellular functions toward hypoxia by regulating gene expression and ion channel activity. Two-photon laser microscopy is an ideal tool to study and prove the relevance of the molecular mechanisms within oxygen sensing pathways on the cellular and complex tissue or organ level. Images of hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) subunit nuclear mobility and protein-protein interaction in living cells, of hypoxia-induced changes in membrane potential and intracellular calcium of live ex vivo carotid bodies as well as of rat kidney proximal tubulus function in vivo, will be shown. |
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| • | Comparison of 5-Fluorouracil-related Gene Expression Levels Between Adenocarcinomas and Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lung |
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A recent meta-analysis study showed that post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT, an oral combination drug composed of tegafur [prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)] and uracil [inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD)] was associated with improved survival in patients with lung adenocarcinomas, but not in those with lung squamous cell carcinomas. We investigated the 5-FU-related gene expression levels of thymidylate synthase (TS), DPD, thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and orotate phosphoribosyl transferase (OPRT) in resected tumor specimens from 51 patients with adenocarcinomas and 47 with squamous cell carcinomas using quantitative reverse transcription–PCR, and compared those levels between the two histological types. The relative gene expression values of TS, TP and OPRT were significantly lower in adenocarcinomas compared with squamous cell carcinomas, 1.60 ± 0.86 versus 4.33 ± 3.40 (P < 0.001), 0.84 ± 0.52 versus 2.27 ± 1.16 (P = 0.006) and 9.59 ± 6.30 versus 16.94 ± 12.04 (P < 0.001), respectively. The relative gene expression value of DPD was significantly greater in adenocarcinomas than those in squamous cell carcinomas, 2.33 ± 1.22 versus 1.50 ± 1.20 (P = 0.01). Lower expressions of TS and TP were observed more in adenocarcinomas (89.8%) than in squamous cell carcinomas (48.9%) (P < 0.001). These data may explain that post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT was associated with improved survival in stage I patients with adenocarcinoma, but less with squamous cell carcinoma. |
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| • | Antimatter creation now feasible in the laboratory |
| Physicists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new technique to generate beams of antimatter particles. Using a gold sample the size of the head of a thumb tack, a laser is shot through it producing more than 100 billion positrons per pulse emitted in a cone-shaped plasma “jet.” This ability to create a large number of positrons in a small laboratory opens the door to several fresh avenues of anti-matter research, including an understanding of the physics underlying various astrophysical phenomena such as black holes and gamma ray bursts. In the experiment, the laser ionises and accelerates electrons, which are driven through the gold target. On their way, the electrons interact with the gold nuclei, which serve as a catalyst to create positrons. The electrons give off packets of pure energy, which decays into matter and anti-matter, following the predictions by Einstein’s mass-energy equation. By concentrating the energy in space and time, the laser produces positrons more rapidly and in greater density than ever before in the laboratory. See Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory PR. |
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| • | Cafe Scientifique |
In response to my July 8 post, debs from the Children and Youth Blog commented that the idea of pub science would be great to offer to teens as well. I found that NSF recently funded such a project, Cafe Scientifique in New Mexico. I don't know much about it, but it seems to give teens a space to have informal conversations about science and technology. Sounds like a great idea to me! |
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| • | The Use of a Combination of Cerclage and Unicortical Interosseous Loop Dental Wires For Long Oblique/Spiral Metacarpal Shaft Fractures |
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A literature review of metacarpal fracture fixation techniques revealed that the use of a combination of interosseous and cerclage dental loop wires has not been previously described. In this report, we review the results of 24 patients with long oblique/spiral metacarpal shaft fractures of the fingers treated by this combined technique of internal fixation, followed by immediate postoperative finger mobilisation in a wrist splint. The study included 20 men and four women with a mean age of 32 (range 20–48) years. After a mean follow-up of 10 weeks, 23 patients had regained full range of motion of the fingers. Complications included one case of CRPS Type 1 resulting in mild stiffness and all four women complained of the hyperpigmentation of the dorsal hand scars. The advantages of dental wire fixation were discussed and compared to those of lag screws. |
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| • | Energy-drift correction of electron energy-loss spectra from prolonged data accumulation of low SNR signals |
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The demand for analysis of trace elements in atomically localized areas by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in transmission electron microscopy is increasing. Unfortunately, the prolonged data acquisitions required to achieve an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) tend to deteriorate the energy resolution because of spectral drifts due to instrumental instability. We developed a macroscript for a Gatan Digital MicrographTM to control an ENFINA 1000 EEL spectrometer that corrects for energy drifts during data accumulation. The script successfully achieved a core-loss spectrum for a sample having ~1 at% elemental concentration, and provided a sufficient SNR for chemical state analysis. |
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